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应用免疫组化ABC法检测了20例乳腺良性病变和82例乳腺癌P_53基因蛋白的表达,并对8例乳腺癌进行了透射电镜观察,结果显示:乳腺良性病变P_53蛋白表达均呈阴性,乳腺癌P_53蛋白表达阳性率为45.1%(37/82);P_53表达与组织学分级呈正相关。透射电镜观察显示,P_53阳性的癌细胞超微结构分化程度低于P_53阴性者,桥粒和其他细胞连接较少,线粒体,内质网较多,微绒毛短而不规则。P_53表达随肿瘤体积增大而有所增加;在雌激素受体(ER)和孕激素受体(PR)阴性组中P_53表达阳性率高于ER和PR阳性组。结果提示P_53表达对鉴别乳腺良恶性病变具有一定作用,并可作为判断乳腺癌恶性程度和预后的指标。
Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to detect the expression of P53 protein in 20 cases of benign breast lesions and 82 cases of breast cancer. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on 8 cases of breast cancer. The results showed that the expression of P53 protein was negative in breast benign lesions. The positive rate of P_53 protein expression in cancer was 45.1% (37/82); P_53 expression was positively correlated with histological grade. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the ultrastructural differentiation of P53-positive cancer cells was lower than that of P53-negative cells, and there was less connection between desmosomes and other cells, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and microvilli were irregular. The expression of P53 increased with the increase of tumor size; the positive rate of P53 expression was higher in the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) negative groups than in the ER and PR positive groups. The results suggest that P53 expression has a certain role in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions, and can be used as an indicator to judge the malignancy and prognosis of breast cancer.