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本文分析英国利物浦两所儿童医院收治的109例鼻部包块患儿,计鼻部皮样囊肿67例,血管瘤32例,鼻胶质瘤5例,脑膨出2例,钙化上皮瘤、纤维瘤、神经纤维瘤各1例。一般认为鼻部脑膨出是由于胚胎发育期前神经孔闭合不全导致颅内容物突至鼻部。鼻胶质瘤则是与蛛网膜下腔失去连系的脑膨出,而鼻皮样囊肿起因尚无定论。本组鼻中线皮样囊肿分别位于眉间、鼻根、鼻梁、鼻尖及鼻小柱区,出生时即表现包块者31例。血管瘤32例中2例在鼻内,30例在鼻外;其中10例出生时已存在。脑膨出1例于出生时表现为鼻根部包块,另1例6岁半时发现右鼻腔内有蓝色薄壁囊性肿块。鼻胶质瘤5例,4男1女,
This article analyzed 109 cases of nasal masses admitted to two children’s hospitals in Liverpool, UK, including 67 cases of dermoid cysts, 32 cases of hemangiomas, 5 cases of nasal gliomas, 2 cases of encephalocele, and calcified epithelial tumors. Fibroids, neurofibromas in 1 case. Nasal encephalocele is generally believed to be due to incomplete neuropore closure before embryonic development leading to cranial contents protruding to the nose. Nasal glioma is a brain swelling associated with loss of the subarachnoid space, and the cause of the nasal cyst is still inconclusive. This group of nasal midline dermoid cysts were located in the eyebrows, nasal roots, nose, nasal tip and columella area, which showed 31 cases of mass at birth. Among the 32 cases of hemangiomas, 2 were intranasal and 30 were external to the nose; 10 of them were present at birth. One case of brain swelling appeared at the time of birth as a nasal root mass, and the other case of 6-and-a-half years had a blue thin-walled cystic mass in the right nasal cavity. Nose glioma in 5 cases, 4 males and 1 females,