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自战国至清代,无论是物资的传递还是文明的互通,丝绸之路一直是中国对外经济、文化交流的重要通道。十到十三世纪,由于河西地区军事活动的频繁以及海上丝绸之路的兴起,两宋政权一度放松甚至丧失了对丝路的控制,丝绸之路在宋代的实际功能确实逊于汉唐,这也间接使得宋代的丝路经营与丝路贸易成为史学研究中较少涉及的一个问题。然而,自古至今,丝路一直行使着联系东西文明的纽带的作用,即使北宋战乱频仍,中原与西域诸国依然通过丝绸之路或多或少地保持着联系,折射出文明的贯通与互相影响的能力。
From the Warring States Period to the Qing Dynasty, the Silk Road has been an important channel for China’s foreign economic and cultural exchanges both in terms of the transfer of materials and the exchange of civilizations. From the 10th to the 13th centuries, due to the frequent military activities in the Hexi area and the rise of the Maritime Silk Road, the two Song regimes once relaxed or even lost control of the Silk Road. The actual function of the Silk Road in the Song Dynasty was indeed inferior to the Han and Tang dynasties. It also indirectly made the Silk Road operation and Silk Road trade in Song Dynasty a problem that was seldom involved in the study of history. However, since ancient times, the Silk Road has always played the role of the link between the eastern and western civilizations. Even if the Northern Song Dynasty wars frequently, the Central Plains and the Western Regions maintained their contact more or less through the Silk Road, which reflected the continuity and mutual influence of civilization Ability.