译者在翻译时通常会遇到许多问题,而处于中心的问题是:“译者如何处理原文与译文的关系?”回答则不言而喻,即译文需与原文对等(Entsprechung),但是对于对等的定义却是众口不一。卡特福德(J.C.Catford)认为翻译对等是指在相似情况下发挥相似作用的可交换的言语文本要素对等。朱莉安·霍斯(Juliane House)认为对等是指原文与译文 The translator usually encounters many problems when translating. The central question is: How does the translator deal with the relationship between the original text and the translated text? The answer is self-evident, that is, the translation needs to be equivalent to the original text (Entsprechung) , But the definition of equivalence is mixed. J.C.Catford considers translation equivalence as the reciprocal equivalent of a language text element that plays a similar role in similar situations. Juliane House believes that reciprocity means the original and the translation