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从文学本质的广义上而言,文学本身就是一种文化的存在。它交织着政治、经济、伦理等各种社会关系,具有文化的属性。广义的文学观有助于人们在更为广阔的文化背景下了解文学的发生和演变,也有助于理解文学所能包含的丰富内涵。总之,文学与文化二者是混融杂糅、相互指涉的。本文从文学概念的演变、文学的文化属性、文化研究视野中的文学观三个层面入手,对文学研究的文化视角进行历史的梳理。一、文学概念的演变中西文学概念的演变整体上可以分为三个阶段:第一个阶段,文学有着文献、文章、学术与文化等含义。第二个阶段,文学意味着审美自律的观念。第三个阶段,文学泛化为文化的一部分,成为文化研究的对象。
In the broad sense of literary nature, literature itself is a kind of cultural existence. It is intertwined with the political, economic, ethical and other social relations, cultural attributes. Broad sense of literature helps people to understand the occurrence and evolution of literature in a broader cultural context. It also helps to understand the rich connotations that literature can contain. In short, both literature and culture are mixed and interrogating each other. This article begins with the evolution of the concept of literature, the cultural properties of literature and the view of literature in the perspective of cultural studies, and makes a historical review of the cultural perspective of literature studies. First, the evolution of the concept of literature The evolution of the concept of Chinese and Western literature on the whole can be divided into three stages: the first stage, literature has literature, articles, academic and cultural implications. In the second stage, literature means the concept of aesthetic self-discipline. In the third stage, literature is generalized as part of culture and becomes the object of cultural studies.