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《合同法》第53条规定,免责条款原则上有效,例外无效。第39条规定,格式条款中的免责条款,如果履行了提示和说明义务就有效。但第40条却规定“免除其责任”的条款无效。这就使法律条文之间产生了冲突与混乱。本文试图用民法解释学方法来协调冲突,消解矛盾,以使《合同法》关于免责条款效力的规定合理化。另外,本文就免责条款的撤销也作了初步探讨。
Article 53 of the Contract Law states that the exemption clause is in principle valid and the exception is invalid. Article 39 provides that the exemption clauses in the form clauses are valid if they fulfill the prompting and explanatory obligations. However, Article 40 provides that the terms “exempt from liability” are not valid. This creates conflicts and chaos between legal provisions. This article tries to use the method of civil law hermeneutics to coordinate conflicts and resolve contradictions in order to rationalize the provisions of Contract Law on the validity of exemption clauses. In addition, this article also made a preliminary discussion of the withdrawal of the exemption clause.