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线粒体DNA(mtDNA)是细胞核外唯一的遗传物质,编码参与氧化磷酸化和ATP生成所必需的多肽。与核基因组相比,mtDNA分子质量小,缺乏组蛋白的保护,易受致癌物攻击,是致癌物的重要靶点,容易发生氧化损伤和突变。近年来,mtDNA结构和功能的异常在多种恶性肿瘤中已有研究,mtDNA与肿瘤发生发展的关系已成为新的研究热点。妇科恶性肿瘤中,目前在与其相关的核内基因组研究较多,而在核外基因组中研究相对较少。将核外基因组mtDNA在宫颈癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌中研究进展做文献综述。
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the only extracellular genetic material that encodes the polypeptide involved in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. Compared with the nuclear genome, mtDNA molecular mass is small, the lack of histone protection, susceptible to carcinogens attack, is an important target for carcinogens, prone to oxidative damage and mutations. In recent years, the abnormalities of mtDNA structure and function have been studied in many malignant tumors. The relationship between mtDNA and tumorigenesis has become a new research hotspot. In gynecological malignancies, there are currently more nuclear genomic studies related to them and relatively few studies on extranuclear genomes. The nuclear genome mtDNA in cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer in the literature review.