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目的了解深圳市百日咳流行特征和疫情发生影响因素,检测1~15岁人群百日咳血清抗体水平,评价免疫效果并为免疫程序提供科学依据。方法通过国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统收集深圳市2009—2013年百日咳病例资料,分析深圳市百日咳流行特征,用ELISA检测方法检测1~15岁人群百日咳血清抗体水平,采用病例对照研究方法分析百日咳影响因素。结果深圳市2009—2013年共报告百日咳163例,年平均发病率为0.32/10万,发病高峰在7—8月,发病人群主要集中在5月龄以内,占全部发病85.27%;监测256人,百日咳抗体阳性率为38.30%,不同年龄百日咳抗体水平差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.737,P>0.05)。接触史、住房面积和家庭收入是影响发病的主要因素。结论深圳百日咳以婴幼儿发病为主;不同年龄组百日咳血清抗体保护率呈上升趋势;接触是百日咳发病的重要危险因素。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of pertussis and the influencing factors of epidemic situation in Shenzhen, to detect the level of pertussis serum antibody in the population of 1 ~ 15 years old, evaluate the immune effect and provide a scientific basis for the immunization program. Methods The data of pertussis from 2009 to 2013 in Shenzhen were collected through the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. The prevalence of whooping cough in Shenzhen was analyzed. The serum antibody levels of pertussis pertussis in children aged 1-15 were detected by ELISA. The case-control study was conducted to analyze the influence of pertussis factor. Results A total of 163 pertussis cases were reported in Shenzhen from 2009 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 0.32 / lakh and a peak incidence from July to August. The incidence of the disease was mainly within 5 months of age, accounting for 85.27% of all cases. Monitoring of 256 . The positive rate of pertussis antibody was 38.30%. There was no significant difference in the antibody levels of pertussis among different ages (χ2 = 4.737, P> 0.05). Contact history, housing area and family income are the main factors affecting the incidence. Conclusion Pertussis in Shenzhen is predominantly infants and young children. The protection rates of pertussis serum antibodies in different age groups are on the rise. Exposure is an important risk factor for the onset of pertussis.