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在传统中国乡村社会近代化嬗变过程中,新型知识精英扮演着重要角色。民初国家权威失落,社会陷入混乱背景下,作为一群特殊精英,士绅阶层迅速填补权力真空,在乡村社会稳定中发挥了重要作用。二三十年代,当士绅精英逐步恶质化,无法促成乡村社会转型时,新型知识分子群体通过引进革命动员、社会合作技术与教育制度及乡村自治手段,推动了地方社会继续向现代化迈进。在这个改造过程中,必然会出现新旧社会精英的冲突与对抗,正如20世纪30年代萧山湘湖区域呈现的那样。
In the process of the traditional Chinese rural social modernization, new intellectual elites play an important role. In the early days of the Republic of China, under the background of the loss of state authority and the social chaos, as a group of special elites, the gentry class quickly filled the power vacuum and played an important role in the stability of rural society. In the 1920s and 1930s, when gentry elites were gradually deteriorating and unable to promote the social transformation in rural areas, the new intelligentsia pushed local communities to continue their modernization through the introduction of revolutionary mobilization, technical and educational systems for social cooperation and rural self-government. In this process of transformation, the conflicts and confrontations between the old and the new social elites inevitably arise, as demonstrated by the Xiaoshan Xianghu area in the 1930s.