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中国《保险法》于2009年增订责任保险受损害的第三人(下称第三受害人)在被保险人对其应负的赔偿责任确定后,若被保险人怠于请求,第三受害人可以直接向保险人请求给付保险金。但是,“强制责任保险”属于法定保险,肩负着社会公益性、衡平社会正义、保证第三受害人的权益得到基本补偿等使命。据此,对该法定保险直接请求权的适用条件应如何构思?为此,应先分析强制责任保险设立的目的;再析述支撑强制责任保险直接请求权的法理;应检视第三受害人依据现行责任保险直接请求权的条件行使权利时,可能遭遇的难题等。经过论证后的结论是:强制责任保险第三受害人的直接请求权,应与被保险人同时存在,且不须附加条件。
China’s Insurance Law Is Expanded in 2009 After a third party whose liability insurance is damaged (hereinafter referred to as the third victim) is determined to be liable for compensation by the insured, if the insured fails to make a request, the third victim You can request insurance directly from the insurer. However, “compulsory liability insurance ” belongs to the statutory insurance, shouldering the mission of social welfare, equity social justice, to ensure that the third victim’s rights and interests are basically compensated. Accordingly, what should be the conception of the applicable conditions of the direct claim of the statutory insurance? For this purpose, the purpose of the establishment of the compulsory liability insurance should be analyzed first; then the law supporting the direct claim of compulsory liability insurance should be analyzed; the third victim should be examined based on The conditions of the current liability insurance directly claims the exercise of rights, may encounter difficulties and so on. The conclusion after the demonstration is that the direct claim of the third victim of compulsory liability insurance should exist with the insured without additional conditions.