哺乳动物成熟的精子在雌性生殖道内停留期间,发生各种生理、生化变化,包括质膜胆固醇外流、Ca~(2+)内流、膜电位超极化、蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸化水平增强等,从而获得受精能力的过程即为精子获能。精子获能现象的揭示以及近些年的深入研究,使得体外受精技术获得突破性的发展,为试管婴儿等人工辅助 Mature mammalian sperm in the female reproductive tract stay during a variety of physiological and biochemical changes, including the plasma membrane cholesterol efflux, Ca ~ (2+) influx, membrane potential hyperpolarization, increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation level , So that the process of gaining fertilization is sperm capacitation. The discovery of sperm capacitation and in-depth research in recent years have led to the breakthrough development of in vitro fertilization technology and the artificial assistance of IVF