论文部分内容阅读
从这一期起,我刊开始增设《作业工艺》栏目。开栏伊始,编者说几句开场白。我国的农业机械化进程发展到今天,已经到了真正把实现种植业特别是粮食生产机械化放在农机工作首要位置的时刻。因此,对机械化作业工艺,尤其是田间作业工艺,应当给予更多的注意。所以我们决定把作业工艺的内容从《使用维修》栏目中独立出来。田间机械化作业工艺的内容大致包括以下几个方面: (1)作业工艺方法的选择以收获作业为例,可以选择直接收获,可以选择分段收获(先割晒,然后检拾脱粒),也可以直接收获与分段收获并用。 (2)机具准备主要包括机具调试、编组、挂接等。 (3)土地准备主要包括田间清理,确定行走方法并据此进行地块区划和标记等。 (4)人员准备田间作业项目较多,且作业期一般较短,两次作业期的间隔往往又很长,因此生手较多,这就必须加强人员上岗前的技术教育和安全教育。 (5)作业工艺的执行主要包括按确定的行走方法行走,妥善安排工艺性服务(如加种、上肥、卸粮等),检查并控制好作业质量,做好安全监控等。 (6)作业结束后的交接王要包括作业质量验收、作业量测定等。虽然有些生产单位对常见的作业工艺制订有《作业规程》或《作业标准化》等工艺文件,但新的作业日益增多,作业中的新办法层出不穷,尤其是田间作业工艺受时间、地点、、气候、作物品种、操作人员的技术水平以及对作业质量的要求程度等条件的影响很大,因此作业工艺中的新经验是非常多的。我们期待着来稿,让刚刚诞生的《作业工艺》栏目茁壮成长。
Starting from this issue, I started to add “job craft” section. At the beginning of the column, the editor said a few words. Nowadays, the process of agricultural mechanization in our country has reached a moment when the mechanization of planting industry, especially grain production, will be placed at the top of the agricultural machinery work. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the mechanized work process, especially the field work process. Therefore, we decided to separate the content of the workmanship from the “Maintenance” section. Field mechanized operation of the process generally includes the following aspects: (1) the choice of operating methods to harvesting operations, for example, you can choose to direct harvest, you can choose to harvest (first cut, then pick up threshing), you can Direct harvest and harvest with the segment. (2) equipment preparation mainly includes equipment debugging, marshalling, hooking and so on. (3) Land preparation mainly includes field cleaning, determination of walking method and land parcel zoning and marking. (4) Personnel Preparation There are many field work items, and the operation periods are generally short. The intervals between the two operation periods are often very long. Therefore, there are many more hands and fields. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the technical and safety education before personnel take up employment. (5) The operation of the operation process mainly includes walking according to the determined walking method, properly arranging the service of technology (such as adding seeds, adding fertilizer, unloading grain etc.), checking and controlling the operation quality, and making safety monitoring. (6) after the end of the transfer of the king to include job quality inspection, workload measurement. Although some production units make process documents such as “operation rules” or “operation standardization” for common operation processes, new operations are increasing day by day and new methods in operation emerge in an endless stream. In particular, field operations are affected by time, place, weather , Crop varieties, the technical level of the operator and the extent of the requirements of the quality of the work and other conditions have a great impact, so the new experience in the operating process is very large. We look forward to the draft, so that the birth of the “operating process” part of the column to grow.