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ICSID撤销仲裁裁决制度是ICSID仲裁制度的内部监督机制。《解决国家与他国国民间投资争端公约》(以下简称“《公约》”)第52条列明了撤销事由,专门委员会据此来判定是否撤销仲裁裁决。《公约》第52条为ICSID仲裁裁决的撤销设定了较为严格的标准,即存在严重程序错误。然而在实践中,ICSID专门委员会有时会对此作出宽泛的解释,实质上降低了撤销标准,令一些本不在《公约》第52条情况下的裁决被撤销,严重损害了ICSID裁决的有效性。ICSID行政理事会出台严格适用《公约》第52条的指导或者解释性文件可以在短期内有效遏制这一情况,但此问题的根本性解决方法还是在于专门委员会的“自律”。
The ICSID revocation arbitration system is the internal supervision mechanism of the ICSID arbitration system. Article 52 of the Convention for the Settlement of Non-Governmental Investment Disputes between States and Other Countries (hereinafter referred to as the “Convention”) sets out the reasons for the withdrawal and the panel will decide whether or not to revoke the arbitration award. Article 52 of the Convention sets a stricter standard for the withdrawal of ICSID arbitral awards, namely, serious procedural errors. However, in practice, ICSID special committees sometimes make broad explanations about this and substantially reduce the standard of revocation so that some of the rulings that were not covered by Article 52 of the Convention have been withdrawn, seriously impairing the validity of ICSID rulings. The issuance by the ICSID Administrative Council of guidance or explanatory documents that strictly apply Article 52 of the Convention can effectively deter this situation in the short term, but the fundamental solution to this issue lies in the “self-regulation” of the special committees.