柯兴氏病是柯兴氏综合征最常见的一种形式,约占65～80%,多见于青壮年。它是一种耗竭性疾病,极少自行缓解,死亡率较高。随着几十年来对柯兴氏病的治疗和观察,对其本质的认识也在不断深化。由于免疫生化法、放射免疫法、电镜的临床应用及经蝶窦显微外科垂体手术的开展,进一步明确了大多数柯兴氏病患者存在垂体ACTH腺瘤,并以微腺瘤为多见,手术切除后垂体功能可获恢复,从而对柯兴氏病的认识和治疗发生了一个极大的变化。柯兴氏病的概述 1932年Cushing首先描述了柯兴氏综合征,并提出垂体嗜碱性细胞腺瘤可能是它的病因。经过几十年的研究,已逐渐认识到柯兴氏综合征是皮质醇分泌增多所产生的一种临床征候群。它可以由于垂 Cushing’s disease is the most common form of Cushing’s syndrome, accounting for 65-80%, more common in young adults. It is a debilitating disease that rarely resolves itself and has a high mortality rate. With the treatment and observation of Cushing’s disease for decades, the understanding of its essence has also deepened. Due to immunohistochemistry, radioimmunoassay, electron microscopy, and transsphenoidal microsurgery for pituitary surgery, the existence of pituitary ACTH adenomas in most patients with Cushing’s disease was further clarified. Microadenomas were more common and surgical resection was performed. The function of the posterior pituitary can be restored, resulting in a great change in the understanding and treatment of Cushing’s disease. An Overview of Cushing’s Disease In 1932, Cushing first described Cushing’s syndrome and suggested that pituitary basophil adenomas may be the cause. After decades of research, it has become increasingly clear that Cushing’s syndrome is a clinical syndrome resulting from increased secretion of cortisol. It can be caused by