We experimentally assess the bit error rate (BER) performance of an intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system based on discrete Hartley transform (DHT) precoding in single-mode fiber (SM
Optical traps use focused laser beams to generate forces on targeted objects ranging in size from nanometers to micrometers. However, for their high coefficients of scattering and absorption, micrometer-sized metallic particles were deemed non-trappable i