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自1977年5月至1979年12月我科共收治伤寒副伤寒43例,现将资料较完整的40例进行临床分析,旨在探讨现今伤寒的特征及简单的实验室诊断方法。一、诊断依据:本文40例除2例手术证实为伤寒肠穿孔外,余38例血清肥达氏反应均为阳性(“O”及“H”在1:160以上),部份病例血、粪培养阳性。二、一般资料:1.年龄:本组统计均系13岁以上的病例。13～19岁17例,占42.5%;20～29岁17例,占42.5%,这两组年龄共34例,占85%,说明青少年发病率高。2.性别:男23例,占57.5%;女17例,占42.5%,男女之比为1:0.74,男高于女。3职业:工人17例,占42.5%;学生13例,占32.5%,农民9例,占22.5%;干部1例,占2.5%。工人组发病率高,可能与我市为工业区有关。4.发病季节:大多集中在8—10月份,其中以9月份为最高峰。这三个月共发病27例,占全年的67.5%。详细分布见(图1)。
From May 1977 to December 1979, our department received a total of 43 cases of typhoid paratyphoid fever, now more complete data of 40 cases for clinical analysis, to explore the characteristics of the current typhoid fever and simple laboratory diagnostic methods. First, the diagnosis is based on: In this article 40 cases except for 2 cases of surgery confirmed as intestinal tympanic perforation, more than 38 cases of serum fat Dahre’s reaction were positive (“O” and “H” in 1: 160), some cases of blood, Fecal culture positive. Second, the general information: 1. Age: This group of statistics are 13 years of age or more cases. 13 to 19 years of age in 17 cases, accounting for 42.5%; 20 to 29 years old in 17 cases, accounting for 42.5%, 34 cases in both groups, accounting for 85%, indicating a high incidence of adolescents. Gender: 23 males, accounting for 57.5%; 17 females, accounting for 42.5%, male to female ratio was 1: 0.74, male than female. Occupation: 17 workers, accounting for 42.5%; 13 students, accounting for 32.5%, 9 farmers, accounting for 22.5%; 1 cadres, accounting for 2.5%. The high incidence of workers, may be related to the city for the industrial zone. 4. Sick season: most concentrated in the 8-10 months, of which in September as the peak. In these three months a total of 27 cases, accounting for 67.5% of the year. See the detailed distribution (Figure 1).