论文部分内容阅读
为探讨我国芸薹属蔬菜的起源及遗传多样性,克隆、测序芸薹属不同种的Chs基因序列。A基因组二倍体、A基因组多倍体、B基因组多倍体和C基因组二倍体的Chs基因突变位点数分别为120、172、194和25个,Chs基因多态性表现为:B基因组多倍体>A基因组二倍体>A基因组多倍体>C基因组多倍体。Tajima’D、Fu and Li’D和Fu and Li’F检验表明A基因组二倍体、C基因组二倍体Chs基因是中性进化基因。HKA平衡检验及误配分析表明A基因组多倍体和B基因组多倍体Chs基因进化中存在选择作用。A基因组和B基因组间存在较低的共有差异和较高的共有多态性,C基因组与A、B基因组存在较高的共有差异和较低的共有多态性。系统发育树将芸薹属Chs基因序列分成4个亚支、10个支系。网状分析表明,白菜可能是四倍体A基因组的供体,黑芥可能是四倍体B基因组的供体,甘蓝可能是四倍体C基因组的供体。中国芸薹属蔬菜在Chs基因位点有较高的遗传多态性,不同基因组间分化程度不一样,B基因组分化较大,A和C基因组分化较小。A和B基因组的亲缘关系较A和C基因组以及B和C基因组更为接近。建议根据基因组的不同将中国芸薹蔬菜分成白菜组、芥菜组和甘蓝组,研究结果支持芸薹属进化的禹式三角模型。
In order to explore the origin and genetic diversity of Brassica vegetables in China, the Chs gene sequences of different Brassica genus were cloned and sequenced. Polymorphisms of A genome, Polyploid A genome, Polymorphism B genome and C genome were 120,172,194 and 25, respectively. Chs gene polymorphism showed as follows: B genome Polyploidy> A Genome Diploid> A Genome Polyploidy> C Genome Polyploidy. Tajima’D, Fu and Li’D and Fu and Li’F tests showed that the A genome was diploid and the C genome diploid Chs was a neutral evolutionary gene. HKA balance test and mismatch analysis indicated that there is a role for the polyploidy of the A genome and the polyploid Chs gene of the B genome. There was a lower common difference and a higher common polymorphism between A and B genomes. There was a higher common difference and a lower common polymorphism between C genome and A and B genomes. Phylogenetic tree will Brassica Chs gene sequence is divided into four sub-branches, 10 branches. The results of reticulation showed that Chinese cabbage may be the donor of tetraploid A genome. Black mustard may be the donor of tetraploid B genome and cabbage may be the donor of tetraploid C genome. Chinese Brassica vegetables have a higher genetic polymorphism in Chs loci, different degrees of differentiation between different genomes, B genome differentiation, A and C genome differentiation is small. The genetic relationship between the A and B genomes is closer than the A and C genomes and the B and C genomes. It is suggested that Chinese Brassica vegetables should be divided into Chinese cabbage group, Brassica juncea group and Brassica oleracea group according to different genomes. The results supported the Yu triangular model of Brassica evolution.