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在任何国度和社会中 ,知识分子都应该是社会良知的一种象征。因为他们来自不同社会阶层 ,集合成一个相对独立的社会群体 ,最能够不受阶级利益的局限、最能从理想和理智的角度、最能凭着做人的良知 ,表明自己的观点和立场。事实上 ,知识分子在重大政治事件面前的立场和行动 ,国家和社会对知识分子立场与行动的反应 ,往往能折射出特定国家和社会的政治生活状况及其得失。在 19世纪末法国发生的德雷福斯案件中 ,法国知识分子在社会良知支配下 ,挺身主张正义。他们的勇气 ,他们对正义的不屈追求 ,他们的自我牺牲精神 ,正是实现其自身价值和履行其社会职责的过程。
In any country and society, intellectuals should be a symbol of social conscience. Because they come from different social strata and gather themselves into a relatively independent social group, they are most able to stand out from the interests of the class and show their opinions and positions most from the perspectives of ideals and intellect and the conscience of man. In fact, the positions and actions of intellectuals in the face of major political events and the reaction of the state and society to the positions and actions of intellectuals often reflect the political living conditions and gains and losses of certain countries and societies. In the Dreyfus case that took place in France in the late 19th century, French intellectuals came forward to stand for justice, under the control of social conscience. Their courage, their unyielding pursuit of justice, their self-sacrificing spirit are the process of fulfilling their own values and fulfilling their social responsibilities.