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目的探讨福利院儿童与普通儿童的行为问题的差异。方法采用Conners儿童行为问卷父母用量表(PSQ)和自编的儿童一般情况调查问卷,对中山市625名普通儿童和94名福利院儿童的行为问题进行调查。结果 719名儿童中,综合行为问题的发生率为15.0%。福利院儿童的综合行为问题发生率(22.3%)显著高于普通儿童(13.9%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.593,P=0.033);福利院儿童的学习问题检出率(39.36%)显著高于普通儿童(23.52%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.769,P<0.05);心身障碍检出率(8.51%)显著低于普通儿童(16.96%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.372,P=0.037);福利院儿童在品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动和多动指数等4个因子的得分显著高于普通儿童,差异有统计学意义(t=2.115~8.290,P<0.05)。结论儿童行为问题的发生与他们的教养模式密切相关。
Objective To explore the differences of behavioral problems between children in welfare institutes and common children. Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate the behavioral problems of 625 ordinary children and 94 welfare children in Zhongshan City by using the Conners Children Questionnaire for Parents Scale (PSQ) and the self-compiled questionnaire for children. Results Among 719 children, the incidence of integrated behavioral problems was 15.0%. The incidence rate of comprehensive behavioral problems among children in welfare institutes was significantly higher than that of ordinary children (13.9%) (χ ~ 2 = 4.593, P = 0.033) (22.3% 39.36%) was significantly higher than that of ordinary children (23.52%) (χ ~ 2 = 10.769, P <0.05); the detection rate of psychosomatic impairment was significantly lower than that of normal children (16.96%) (Χ ~ 2 = 4.372, P = 0.037). The scores of four factors including behavior problems, learning problems, impulsive hyperactivity and hyperactivity index were significantly higher in children in welfare institutes than those in normal children Significance (t = 2.115 ~ 8.290, P <0.05). Conclusions The occurrence of children’s behavioral problems is closely related to their mode of parenting.