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目的 报道 4例肋骨原发性尤文氏肉瘤并结合文献复习，对其临床表现、 X线特征、组织发生、治疗和预后进行讨论。方法 收集 4例肋骨原发性尤文氏肉瘤，复习临床和病理资料以及 X线照片，对其标本蜡块进行免疫组织化学检测。结果 患者年龄 17岁～ 34岁，中位年龄 21岁。 4例均有胸部肿块及疼痛， X线主要表现为肋骨溶骨性破坏，手术所见 4例均有肋骨骨质破坏和周围软组织浸润。结论 肋骨原发性尤文氏肉瘤少见，诊断上要与肋骨化脓性骨髓炎、结核病及继发性骨肿瘤等鉴别，最后确诊要依靠病理学检查并与临床表现和 X线表现相结合来证实。
Objective To report 4 cases of primary Ewing’s sarcoma of the ribs and review the literature for clinical manifestations, X-ray features, histogenesis, treatment and prognosis. Methods Four cases of primary Ewing’s sarcoma of ribs were collected. Clinical and pathological data and X-ray photographs were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the specimens. Results The patient’s age ranged from 17 to 34 years and the median age was 21 years. All 4 cases had chest masses and pain. X-ray showed mainly osteolytic destruction of ribs. All the 4 cases had rib bone destruction and surrounding soft tissue infiltration. Conclusion Primary Ewing’s sarcoma of the ribs is rare. The diagnosis should be differentiated from rib pyogenic osteomyelitis, tuberculosis and secondary bone tumors. The final diagnosis should be confirmed by pathological examination combined with clinical manifestations and X-ray findings.