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关于羞感及其与道德之关联的思考,在中外思想史上总处在一个尴尬的位置,似乎从未有人考虑过建立“羞恶伦理学”的可能性。我们通过对羞耻、身体与道德三者之间关系的一些思考,以及近年来对道德意识三个来源问题的现象学描述分析,来进行这样一个尝试:确定羞感中的天性因素,以此从自然主义伦理学或本性伦理学的角度来进行道德奠基。这种观察与分析所达致的结论是:其一,人的本性中显然包含着天生的羞愧能力;其二,羞愧中也包含后天的纳入因素;其三,“恻隐之心”与“羞恶之心”构成内在道德意识的两个重要来源,前者关系到一种先天的道德实能,后者关系到一种先天的道德潜能。
Thinking about shame and its connection with morality has always been in an awkward position in the history of Chinese and foreign ideas. It seems that no one ever considered the possibility of establishing “shame ethics.” Through the analysis of the relationship between shame, body and morality, and the phenomenological description of the three sources of moral awareness in recent years, we try to make an attempt to determine the natural factor of shame, Naturalistic ethics or ethics of nature to lay the foundation for morality. The conclusions reached by this observation and analysis are: First, human nature obviously contains innate ashappiness; second, shame also includes the acquired factors; Third, the “hidden heart” and “shame Heart ”constitute two important sources of intrinsic moral awareness, the former relates to a natural moral energy, the latter relates to a natural moral potential.