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我的学生方一新、王云路写成了《中古汉语语词例释》一书,要我在简端写上几句话.以前说的“古汉语”,并没有人给分过期,而一新在他的一篇关于《世说新评》语汇的论文里提出了把“古汉语”分成上古和中古两期.这个设想很好,现在他俩这部书就是这个设想的具体实践.所谓“中古汉语”,和前汉以上的“上古汉语”有其不同的地方,那就是它的语汇的口语化.这个口语化的现象表现在汉译佛经、小说、书简等方面.因为书简(如二王的“杂帖”)称心而谈,不借藻饰;佛经译语和小说则要适应一般市民的领受能力,需要采用通俗的语言:这都是很自然的.即使如此,有些高文典册如“正史”当中,也渗透一些通俗的成份,足资印证,所以作者也没有放松眼光而加以撷取.所谓“中古汉语”,其语汇来源大致是这样的.
My students Fang Yixin and Wang Yunlun wrote the book “An Interpretation of Middle Chinese Words and Phrases”, and asked me to write a few words in a simplified form. No one used to say “Ancient Chinese” His essay on the vocabulary of “Shi Shuo Xin Ping” put forward the idea of dividing “Ancient Chinese” into two periods: the Middle Ages and the Middle Ages. This idea is very good and now they are the concrete practice of this idea. Chinese “is different from” Ancient Chinese “above the pre-Han Chinese in that it is colloquial in its vocabulary.The colloquial phenomenon is manifested in the translation of Buddhist scriptures, fiction, and calligraphy, for example, Of the ”miscellaneous post“) to talk about the heart, not by algae ornaments; Buddhist scriptures and fiction to adapt to the general public’s ability to accept, the need for the use of popular language: This is very natural, but even so, In ”History of Zheng Shi“, it also infiltrates some popular elements and confirms the suffrage, so the author has not taken a relaxed view and has taken it in. The so-called ”Middle Chinese" has its vocabulary source roughly like this.