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进化论观念是中国近代思想体系中重要的思想资源,对中国近代社会变迁以及思想观念产生持续而深远的影响。而中国传统思想中的“变异观”为进化论在中国的生成提供丰饶的思想土壤,严复等维新士人对“evolution”的“天演”式翻译,无疑为后来的日式进化观在中国的生成与传播提供了非常重要的先决条件。同时清末民初的历史教科书也是传播日式进化论观念的重要媒介。通过历史教科书的广泛传播,这种进化观逐渐从中国精英群体传递到普通民众,深深影响了人们对社会与历史的认知,对近代中国历史进程产生深远的影响。
The concept of evolution is an important source of thought in the modern Chinese ideology and exerts a sustained and far-reaching influence on the social changes and ideas and concepts in modern China. However, the “variation view” in Chinese traditional thought provides a fertile ground for the evolution of evolution in China. Uygur scholars such as Yan Fu and Uygur writers would not be able to interpret the “evolution” of “evolution” The evolution of the concept of evolution in China to generate and disseminate provides a very important prerequisite. At the same time, the history textbook of late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was also an important medium for spreading the concept of Japanese evolutionism. Through the widespread dissemination of history textbooks, this evolutionary view gradually passed from the elite groups in China to the general public, deeply influenced people’s cognition of society and history, and had a profound impact on the historical process in modern China.