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目的 探讨铅冶炼生产过程中生产性粉尘浓度,粉尘分散度和游离二氧化硅对作业工人肺部的危害。方法 对生产岗位进行粉尘浓度、粉尘分散度、游离二氧化硅含量测定及对所抽检工人采用高仟伏X线胸片拍照。结果 各岗位粉尘浓度均超过国家卫生标准,总平均浓度为14.6 mg/m~3,超标40.9倍;粉尘分散度<5μm占85.4％;游离二氧硅总平均含量为26.05％;对197名作业工人X线胸片拍照,诊断出0~+～Ⅱ期矽肺病17人,检出率为8.63％。结论 对于铅冶炼业,不仅要对有毒气体进行防治,对生产性粉尘也是不能忽视的治理重点。
Objective To investigate the effects of productive dust concentration, dust dispersibility and free silica on the lungs of workers during the lead smelting process. Methods The dust concentration, dust dispersibility and free silica content of the production positions were measured and photographed with high-kV X-ray chest. Results The dust concentration in each post exceeded the national health standards, with a total average concentration of 14.6 mg / m 3, exceeding the standard by 40.9 times; the dust dispersion degree was less than 5 μm, accounting for 85.4%; the average content of free silicon dioxide was 26.05% Workers X-ray photography, diagnosed 0 ~ + ~ Ⅱ stage silicosis 17 people, the detection rate was 8.63%. Conclusion For the lead smelting industry, not only the prevention and control of toxic gases, but also the production of dust can not be ignored governance focus.