美国佛罗里达州立大学心理学教授巴里·施伦克尔专门研究人们怎样逃避或减少责任的问题，换句话说，就是研究托辞的艺术。他发现，美国人在遇失败或有失误时逃避指责的倾向越来越严重。有些心理学家甚至建议人们通过寻找借口来保持自尊，减轻焦虑和压抑。去年，施伦克尔发表了? Barry Schlumberger, a professor of psychology at Florida State University in the United States, specializes in how people evade or reduce responsibility, in other words, the art of excuse research. He found that Americans tend to evade accusations in the face of failure or mistakes. Some psychologists even suggest that people maintain their self-esteem, reduce anxiety and depression by finding excuses. Last year, Schlumberger published?