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较高的茎秆糖含量有助于提高青贮玉米的饲料品质和适口性,本研究选用7个茎秆糖含量不同的玉米自交系为亲本,按Griffing双列杂交方法Ⅱ配置21个组合,对玉米茎秆糖含量性状的遗传进行分析。结果表明:在7个自交系中,Y53-164、YXD053-646和98A-04糖含量的一般配合力较高,可以提高杂种后代的茎秆糖含量,但特殊配合力存在明显的组合差异。玉米茎秆糖含量性状的遗传符合加性-显性-上位性模型,但以基因非加性效应为主,存在着显著的显性与上位性效应。控制茎秆糖含量遗传的增效等位基因为隐性,减效等位基因为显性。玉米茎秆糖含量的变异71.07%是由遗传控制的,但狭义遗传率不高(40.11%)。对茎秆糖含量的选择不宜早代进行,利用茎秆高糖自交系作为亲本并广泛测配有助于茎秆高糖杂交种的选育。
Higher stem sugar content helps to improve feed quality and palatability of silage corn. In this study, seven maize inbred lines with different stem sugar content were selected as parents, and 21 combinations were selected by Griffing double-row hybridization method Ⅱ. Analysis of the genetic traits of corn stalk sugar content. The results showed that the sugar content of Y53-164, YXD053-646 and 98A-04 was higher in the seven inbred lines, which could increase the sugar content in stems of hybrids, but there was a significant difference in the specific combining ability . The inheritance of sugar content traits in corn stems accorded with additive - dominance - epistasis model. However, there was significant dominant and epistatic effects due to the gene non - additive effect. The allelopathic alleles of genetic control stem stalks were recessive, and the allele of diminished efficiency was dominant. The variance of corn stalk sugar content 71.07% is controlled by the genetics, but the narrow heritability is not high (40.11%). The selection of stalk sugar content should not be carried out in the early generation. The high-sugar stalk self-inbred lines of stems were used as parents and the wide-ranging test was helpful to the breeding of high-sugar stalk hybrids.