1.低温外科治疗法的简单回顾医学上采用低温疗法的历史十分悠久。据考证:骨折低温疗法最早开始于公元前2500年;16世纪时已有人开始利用低温条件作为麻醉手段;1845年开始用于癌症的治疗。由于条件的限制,在较长的时间中,低温疗法的效果并不令人满意。只是近十多年来才把低温疗法作为生物研究和外科工具肯定下来。液氮(-196℃)、干冰(-79℃)、氟里昂 A brief review of cryogenic surgical treatment of medical history of the use of hypothermia has a long history. According to research: fractures of hypothermia was first started in 2500 BC; the 16th century, people began to use low temperature conditions as an anesthetic; in 1845 for the treatment of cancer. Due to the limitation of conditions, the effect of hypothermia is unsatisfactory over a long period of time. It is only in the past decade or so that hypothermia has been affirmed as a biological research and surgical tool. Liquid nitrogen (-196 ° C), dry ice (-79 ° C), freon