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针对红壤地区普遍存在的季节性干旱问题,研究了红壤的水力学特性及土壤库容状况,结果如下:红壤旱地土壤各层的有效水含量变化不大,变化区间为61.00gkg-1～73.77gkg-1,作物可利用的有效水区间较小,不利于作物生长;水田中土壤剖面有效水含量变化明显,变化区间为75.27gkg-1～170.80gkg-1,其中表层和犁底层的有效水含量远大于其它各层次。土壤的饱和含水量主要受容重的影响,粘粒含量主要影响高吸力下的水田土壤含水量。旱地红壤表层总库容和死水库容较高,有效水库容较低,为17.71mm;水田土壤表层死水库容较小,有效水库较高,达到30.74mm。红壤季节性干旱的主要原因是土壤本身理化性质导致的有效水含量较低,难以被作物吸收利用。
According to the seasonal drought problem prevailing in red soil area, the hydraulic characteristics and soil storage capacity of red soil were studied. The results are as follows: The effective water content of various layers of red soil dryland soil did not change much, and the variation range was 61.00gkg-1 ~ 73.77gkg- 1, the effective available water range of crop is small, which is not conducive to crop growth; effective water content of paddy soil profile changes significantly, the range of variation is 75.27gkg-1 ~ 170.80gkg-1, in which the effective water content of surface and plow bottom is far At other levels. Soil saturated water content is mainly affected by bulk density, clay content mainly affects paddy soil moisture under high suction. The dry land red soil total surface storage capacity and dead water storage capacity is high, the effective storage capacity is low, 17.71mm; paddy soil surface dead water storage capacity is small, the effective reservoir is high, reaching 30.74mm. The main reason for the seasonal drought in red soil is the low effective water content caused by soil physical and chemical properties, which is hard to be absorbed by crops.