肺气肿这一术语指的是呼吸细支气管和肺实质受损,以致空气不能连续地吸入肺泡。随着时间推移,受损部分融合形成大水疱,造成肺通气减少并压缩邻近许多正常的肺组织,进一步破坏肺通气和灌注量间的联系。此时肺机能典型地表现为反复不定的气流堵塞,残气量对肺总容量之比增高,总容量出现超常值。 The term emphysema refers to the destruction of the respiratory bronchioles and the lungs so that the air can not be continuously drawn into the alveoli. As time passes, the impaired portions fuse to form large blisters, resulting in reduced lung ventilation and compression of adjacent many normal lung tissues, further damaging the connection between lung ventilation and perfusion. Pulmonary function at this time is typically manifested as repeated variable airflow blockage, the ratio of residual capacity to the total lung capacity increased, the total capacity of abnormal values.