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本文在生产实践和前人试验研究的基础上,研究了硫酸生产中氟化合物(HF和SiF_4)对含SiO_2载体的钒催化剂的毒害过程.提出催化剂的氟中毒过程主要可归结为氟形态转变的可逆过程,即:4HF+SiO_2(?)SiF_4+2H_2O用热力学方法考察二氧化硫转化器中催化剂氟中毒过程,进行反应的化学平衡计算.结果表明,在实际生产中一般多为SiF_4中毒.文中的HF→SiF_4平衡反应率图和计算平衡反应率的经验式,可在设计和生产中用来定量地估计氟中毒的可能性.
In this paper, based on the production practice and previous experimental studies, we have studied the poisoning of vanadium catalysts containing SiO_2 by fluorine compounds (HF and SiF_4) in the production of sulfuric acid.The fluorine poisoning of catalysts is mainly attributed to the change of fluorine species Reversible process, namely: 4HF + SiO_2 (?) SiF_4 + 2H_2O thermodynamic method to examine the catalyst fluoridation process in the sulfur dioxide converter, chemical reaction equilibrium calculation results show that in actual production mostly SiF_4 poisoning in this paper, HF → The SiF_4 equilibrium response rate graph and the empirical formula for calculating the equilibrium reaction rate can be used in the design and production to quantitatively estimate the possibility of fluorosis.