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对照分析了余江县第二次土壤普查时期和2003年土壤养分和土壤pH的时空变化和土壤肥力综合指数变化。运用模糊数学、多元统计和层次分析方法,选取指标并计算了余江县土壤肥力各指标的隶属度、权重,并最终求得土壤肥力综合指数。通过比较发现,20年来,余江县土壤pH有显著下降,土壤酸化加重;速效磷、速效钾有较大幅度的显著提高;而有机质略有下降、全氮略有升高,但是变化幅度不大,不明显;土壤肥力综合指数显著增加。分析了变化的驱动因素主要是农业产业结构的调整和施肥量增加、施肥结构的更加合理,还与气候、地形、酸雨和土壤侵蚀的改善有一定的关系。并根据余江县的实际提出了合理对策。
The spatial and temporal changes of soil nutrients and soil pH and the changes of soil fertility index during the second soil census period and in 2003 were analyzed. Using fuzzy mathematics, multivariate statistics and analytic hierarchy process, the indexes were selected and the membership and weight of each index of soil fertility in Yujiang County were calculated. Finally, the comprehensive index of soil fertility was obtained. By comparison, we found that the soil pH of Yujiang County decreased significantly and the soil acidification aggravated in the past 20 years. The content of available phosphorus and available potassium increased significantly, while the content of organic matter decreased slightly while the total nitrogen increased slightly, but the variation range was not Large and insignificant; the comprehensive index of soil fertility increased significantly. The main driving forces of the change are the adjustment of industrial structure and the increase of fertilization, the more reasonable fertilization structure and the certain relationship with the improvement of climate, topography, acid rain and soil erosion. According to the actual situation in Yujiang County put forward a reasonable countermeasure.