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目的了解住院恶性肿瘤患者细菌感染的菌群分布状况及抗生素耐药性。方法分析2002年至2004年住院恶性肿瘤患者送检的体液标本分离培养的细菌种类和耐药性。结果从临床送检的962份标本中共检出350株细菌,居前四位的优势菌依次为真菌32.86%,肠杆菌科细菌27.43%,假单胞菌17.14%,葡萄球菌15.71%。革兰氏阴性杆菌对新一代广谱抗菌素和头孢菌素耐药率一般超过50%,尤其对氨苄青霉素耐药率高达80.20%,革兰氏阳性球菌除了对青霉素耐药率较高外,对头孢菌素、克林霉素和利福平的耐药率也在50%以上。结论为控制细菌的耐药性,尤其是肿瘤患者,必须加强抗生素的合理使用。
Objective To understand the distribution of bacterial flora and antibiotic resistance in patients with bacterial infection in hospitalized patients. Methods The bacterial species and drug resistance of isolated and cultured bodily fluid samples from 2002 to 2004 in hospitalized patients with malignant tumors were analyzed. Results A total of 350 strains of bacteria were detected from 962 clinical samples. The dominant bacteria in the top four were 32.86% of fungi, 27.43% of Enterobacteriaceae, 17.14% of Pseudomonas and 15.71% of Staphylococcus. Gram-negative bacilli to a new generation of broad-spectrum antibiotics and cephalosporin resistance rate is generally more than 50%, in particular, the rate of resistance to ampicillin up to 80.20%, Gram-positive bacteria in addition to penicillin resistance rate is high, the Cephalosporins, clindamycin and rifampin resistance rates are also above 50%. Conclusion To control bacterial resistance, especially in patients with cancer, the rational use of antibiotics must be strengthened.