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抗叶酸剂MTX被运用于急性成淋巴细胞白血病,非霍奇金淋巴瘤,骨肉瘤,银屑病,类风湿性关节炎等疾病的治疗当中,但在临床上给病人相同剂量的MTX时,病人的反应及毒性的种类也大为不同。这多样性从一定程度上来说和基因的连续变更有关,本文章主要从亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因,MTX跨膜运输中的两种流出载体基因和MTX新陈代谢相关的四种基因中的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)两方面来阐述MTX在不同病人中出现的不良反应的新进展。
Anti-folate MTX is used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, osteosarcoma, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases, but in clinical patients with the same dose of MTX, The patient’s response and the type of toxicity are also quite different. To a certain extent, this diversity is related to the continuous alteration of genes. This article mainly studies the effects of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, MTX transmembrane transport of two outflow vector genes and MTX metabolism related four Gene SNP in two aspects to explain the new progress of MTX in different patients appear adverse reactions.