纤毛上皮是呼吸道防御各种颗粒吸入的第一道防线,易受到外源性污染物及细菌、病毒感染等损伤。有些病例受损纤毛超微结构类似特异性先天性异常的改变,要确定是原发、继发或为混合性纤毛功能障碍是很困难的。至今还用电镜检查纤毛功能异常,因不能提供纤毛功能活动的信息,其作用有限。需要一种能对纤毛 Ciliated epithelial respiratory tract is the first line of defense of various particulate inhalation, susceptible to exogenous contaminants and bacteria, virus infection and other injuries. In some cases impaired ciliary ultrastructure similar to specific congenital anomalies, to determine the primary, secondary or mixed ciliary dysfunction is very difficult. To date, electron microscopy has also been used to examine ciliary dysfunction because of the inability to provide information on ciliary function activity and its limited usefulness. Need a pair of cilia