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在地铁站台火灾中,机械排烟和补风对于有效排出站台烟气至关重要,地铁设计规范要求采用正压送风方式来防止烟气经扶梯和楼梯流入站厅层。对于复合型地铁站台而言,站厅层可能与其它建筑共用,建筑面积较大,难以提供足够的风压进行正压送风。本文利用性能化防火设计方法对多种站台防排烟方案进行研究,并提出了分析流程。本文还针对某实际工程案例验证了这一流程的可行性,并据此选择了一种将机械排烟和补风有机结合的防排烟方案。本文的研究工作对其它类型地铁站台防排烟方案具有参考价值。
In the subway station fire, mechanical exhaust and fill wind is essential for the effective emission of platform flue gas, subway design specifications require the use of positive pressure air supply to prevent flue gas flows through the escalator and stairs into the station floor. For composite metro stations, station floor may be shared with other buildings, the construction area is large, it is difficult to provide sufficient pressure for positive air supply. In this paper, performance-based fire prevention design method for a variety of platform smoke prevention programs are studied and the analysis process is proposed. This paper also verifies the feasibility of this process for a practical engineering case and chooses a smoke control scheme that combines mechanical ventilation with makeup ventilation. The research work in this paper has reference value for other types of subway station smoke and smoke prevention programs.