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目的分析产后进行盆底肌肉训练对盆底肌肉张力的影响以及对盆底功能的作用。方法 166例自然分娩的足月初产妇,随机等分为观察组和对照组,各83例。对照组产妇进行常规产后健康教育,观察组自分娩第2天起进行连续6周的盆底肌肉锻炼。两组产妇于产后42 d和产后3个月进行盆底肌肉张力检测,并于产后6周、3个月时对产妇的产后压力性尿失禁情况进行对比。结果观察组产后6周与3个月阴道静息压(VRP)、阴道收缩压(VSP)及阴道收缩持续时间明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察3、6个月时的尿失禁发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组产妇产后3个月内共计发生子宫脱垂7例,观察组产妇发生子宫脱垂2例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论自然分娩产妇采用产后盆底肌肉训练,能够有效提高其盆底肌肉张力,降低产后尿失禁、阴道前壁脱垂等情况的发生,有利于提高产妇的产后生活质量。
Objective To analyze the effect of postpartum pelvic floor muscle training on pelvic floor muscle tension and pelvic floor function. Methods 166 cases of full-term primipara of spontaneous delivery were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 83 cases in each group. The control group of mothers for routine postpartum health education, the observation group from the second day of delivery for 6 consecutive weeks of pelvic floor muscle exercises. The pelvic floor muscle tension was measured at 42 days postpartum and 3 months postpartum in both groups, and the maternal postpartum stress urinary incontinence was compared at 6 weeks and 3 months postpartum. Results The vaginal resting pressure (VRP), vaginal systolic pressure (VSP) and duration of vaginal constriction in the observation group at 6 weeks and 3 months postpartum were significantly better than those in the control group (P <0.05) Month urinary incontinence rate was significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In the control group, there were 7 cases of uterine prolapse within 3 months postpartum and 2 cases of uterine prolapse in the observation group. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Postpartum pelvic floor muscle training in spontaneous delivery can effectively improve the pelvic floor muscle tone, reduce postpartum urinary incontinence and anterior vaginal wall prolapse, which is beneficial to improve the postpartum life quality of the pregnant women.