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基于光学显微术的单粒子传感技术是一种将光学显微镜等具有空间分辨能力的研究工具应用于分析传感领域的检测技术.该技术将单个纳米粒子视作一个完整的纳米传感器,分子识别和信号转换均在单个纳米粒子界面上完成,信号读取则通过不同种类的光学显微镜来实现.与宏观的纳米传感器相比,单粒子传感技术通过对单个纳米粒子的光学特征信号进行测量、计数和追踪,可以获得局域微区内分析物的定性和定量信息,从而具有高灵敏度、高通量和可用于微观复杂体系的动态检测等显著优点.首先简要回顾了单粒子光学传感技术的发展历史和国内外研究现状,随后介绍了其主要技术特点,并重点综述了该领域近五年内的重要研究成果.最后指出通过纳米探针、光学成像技术和多维数据处理等多方面的持续发展,可进一步提高单粒子光学传感器的性能,有望使其在分析科学、生命科学和材料科学等诸多领域获得更加广泛和深入的应用.
Single-particle sensing based on optical microscopy is a detection technique that uses space-resolution research tools such as optical microscopy in the field of analytical sensing, which treats a single nanoparticle as a complete nanosensor, Recognition and signal conversion are accomplished at a single nanoparticle interface and signal readings are performed by different types of optical microscopes.Compared with macroscopic nanosensors, single-particle sensing technology measures the optical signature of a single nanoparticle , Counting and tracking can obtain the qualitative and quantitative information of the analytes in the local micro-area, which has the significant advantages of high sensitivity, high throughput and dynamic detection for the microscopic complex system.Firstly, single-particle optical sensing The development of technology and the research status at home and abroad, and then introduces its main technical features, and highlights the important research results in the field in recent five years.Finally pointed out that through the nano-probes, optical imaging and multi-dimensional data processing and other aspects Continued development, can further improve the performance of single-particle optical sensors, is expected to make it in points Analysis of science, life sciences and materials science and many other fields to obtain more extensive and in-depth application.