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以连续 8 a的测定数据 ,探讨了皆伐对生态系统土壤水文学功能的影响 ,并着重研究了营造第二代杉木人工林后林木对土壤水文学功能的生物调节和恢复状况 .结果表明 :皆伐使土壤的蓄水能力下降 2 5 % ,渗透能力下降 2 0 %～ 2 5 % (初渗 )和 10 %～2 4% (稳渗 ) .营造第二代杉木人工林后 ,林地土壤蓄水能力逐步恢复 ,5年生杉木林对土壤蓄水的渗透和调节能力相当于成林的2 7% ,3 8.3 %～ 42 .7% (初渗 )和 3 5 .7%～ 45 .2 % (稳渗 ) .8年生林 ,土壤蓄水能力已接近成林的 93 % ,渗透能力已达到成林的 91.4%～ 94.6% (初渗 )和 90 %～ 98% (稳渗 ) .第二代杉木人工林土壤水分垂直变化与第一代成林相比有很大的不同 .从土壤水分动态变化推断 ,幼林的地下径流量将大于成林 .同时 ,根据影响土壤含水量变化的几个主要因子 ,建立了预测土壤水分动态的数学模型 .
The effect of clear cutting on the soil hydrological function was discussed with continuous 8-year measurement data, and the biological regulation and restoration of the soil hydrological function of the tree after the second-generation Chinese fir plantation was emphatically studied.The results showed that: Clear cutting soil water storage capacity decreased by 25%, penetration ability decreased 20% ~ 25% (initial seepage) and 10% ~ 24% (seepage) .Construction of the second generation of Chinese fir plantation, woodland soil Water storage capacity gradually restored. The infiltration and regulation ability of 5-year-old Chinese fir plantation on soil water storage was equivalent to 27%, 33.3% -42.7% (infiltration) and 35.7% -45.2 % (Steady infiltration.) 8-year-old forest, soil water storage capacity is close to 93% of the forest, the infiltration capacity has reached 91.4% ~ 94.6% (infiltration) and 90% ~ 98% The vertical variations of soil moisture in the second generation Chinese fir plantations are quite different from those of the first generation of forest standering.Under inferred from the dynamic changes of soil moisture, the underground runoff of the young stands will be larger than that of the mature stands.At the same time, according to the changes of soil water content Main factors, the establishment of a mathematical model predicting soil moisture dynamics.