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为查明黄土与古土壤入渗特征和地下水富集条件,对西安白鹿塬中更新世黄土与古土壤进行了10个层位30余个实验点的入渗实验、孔隙度、磁化率与CaCO3含量的测定。结果表明,黄土层含水空间发育好,入渗率较大,利于构成含水层;黄土层与古土壤层入渗率与含水空间的差别主要是当时气候与成壤作用不同决定的。CaCO3结核具有致密的结构,常常是非常好的隔水层。将任家坡剖面渗水实验数据用三种入渗公式分别进行拟合得出,经常采用的三个经验公式中考斯加可夫能普遍适用于描述50万年来发育的黄土和古土壤层的入渗规律,计算结果为水文和农业部门应用黄土入渗经验公式提供了重要参考值。本文的研究拓宽了第四纪气候变化理论应用的新领域,表明更新世气候变化在黄土地层土壤水和地下水资源富集条件、富集规律和水资源开发利用研究中有重要应用价值。
In order to find out the infiltration characteristics of loess and paleosol and the conditions of groundwater enrichment, infiltration experiments were conducted on loess and paleosol of mid-Pleistocene in Bailuyuan of Xi’an with more than 30 experimental sites. Porosity, magnetic susceptibility and Determination of CaCO3 content. The results show that the water-bearing space in the loess layer develops well and the infiltration rate is large, which is conducive to the formation of aquifers. The difference between the infiltration rate and the water-bearing space in the loess layer and paleosol layer is mainly determined by the different climate and pedogenesis. CaCO3 nodules have a dense structure, often a very good water barrier. The experimental data of the water seepage at Renjiapo section are respectively fitted by three infiltration formulas. The three empirical formulas commonly used in this paper are cosmically applicable to describe the evolution of loess and palaeosol layers developed over 500,000 years Permeability law, the calculated results provide an important reference value for hydrological and agricultural departments applying empirical formula of loess infiltration. The research in this paper broadens the application field of the Quaternary climatic change theory and shows that the climate change of the Pleistocene has important application value in the research on the enrichment of soil water and groundwater resources, enrichment laws and water resources development and utilization in the loess layer.