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多弥 ,为隋唐时期汉文文献史籍记载的西北民族之一。《新唐书·西域传下》记其为西羌 ,滨犁牛河 (今青海通天河 ) ,“役属吐蕃 ,号难磨 (Nam mo)”。本文据此 ,认为“难磨”即藏文文献中所记之“南”(Nam)国或南部族 ,源于汉代以来西羌中的“卑”等羌 (以上前人均有论述 )。南部族在古藏文文献中往往与吐蕃原始六族中的“董”(sDong)族联系在一起 ,故多弥可还原为“董弥”(sDongmi,即董人之意 )。此名可能为其他族人对其的称呼 ,“南”为吐蕃人对其的称呼。另外 ,吐蕃征服“南国” ,约在唐贞观六年至显庆元年 ( 63 2— 65 6)之间。后为吐蕃“四方面王”之一 (《贤者喜宴》)、与吐蕃赞普通婚和结盟的大家族那囊氏 (sNa nam)应为南部族首领或大家族之一。唐安史之乱后 ,吐蕃曾征调南部至西域一带防戍 ,故 2 0世纪以来新疆出土的藏文简牍中有“南茹”、“南茹巴”的记载。唐末至五代 ,汉藏文书所记之“南山”、“南波”等 ,其中杂有“南”部族 ,故其所以得名 ,除因其居地在“南山”(今祁连山 )外 ,还有其民族构成中有“南”部族的缘故。
Du Mi, one of the northwestern nationalities documented in the Chinese literature of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. “The New Tang Dynasty and the Western Regions Biography” Remembers it as Xiqiang, Binliu Niuhe (now Qinghai Tongtianhe), “Serving the Tubo, Nam mo.” Based on this, we think that “hard grinding” means that the “Nam” or southern clan recorded in the Tibetan literature originated from the “beggar” and other Qiangs in Xiqiang since the Han Dynasty. The southern clan was often associated with the “Dong” (sDong) clan in the Tibetan Sixth Patriarchal clan in the ancient Tibetan literature, so Domus can be reverted to sDongmi (DongDong). This name may be called by other ethnic groups, and “South” is the name of Tibetans. In addition, the Tubo conquered the “southern state,” about six years in Tang Dynasty to the first year of Emperor Xianqing (63 2-65 6). After being one of the “Four Kingdoms” of the Tubo (“Sage Wedding Ceremony”), the sNamami, a large clan married and allied with Tuban, should be one of the chiefs or big clan of the Southern tribes. After the Tang Dynasty Shih Tzu, Tubo had requisitioned the anti-garrison in the south to the Western Regions. Therefore, the records of “Nanru” and “Nanjuba” unearthed in Xinjiang since the 20th century have been recorded in Tibetan bamboo slips. Since the end of the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, “Nanshan” and “Nanbo” recorded by the Han and Tibetan instruments have their own names, except for their “South” tribe. Apart from their place of residence in Nanshan (now Qilian Mountains) There is a “southern” clan in its ethnic composition.