避暑,古代又常称消夏。避暑的方法有很多,其中之一便是为避开炎热到凉爽的异地暂居。我国很早就出现了这种度假旅游性质的避暑活动,《汉书·元后传》曾载:“初,成都侯商尝病,欲避暑,从上借明光宫。”汉武帝曾避暑甘泉宫,唐太宗也曾避暑九成宫,清帝更筑有规模宏大的承德避暑山庄。但在清末以前,即使贵为帝王,避暑度假也不过是偶尔为之,更遑论社会大众。及至19世纪末,以传教士为 Summer, ancient and often called summer. There are many ways to get around the heat. One of them is to avoid the hot, cool, off-site temporary residence. China has long appeared this kind of holiday travel summer activities, “Han Yuan Dynasty” has contained: “early, Chengdu Hou Shang Taste, want summer, from borrowing Mingguang Palace.” "Han Emperor Wu Summer Green Springs Palace, Taizong Tang also had Jiucheng Gong summer, the Qing Emperor also build a large-scale Chengde Mountain Resort. However, before the end of the Qing dynasty, even if you were an emperor, summer vacation was only occasional, let alone the general public. By the end of the 19th century, missionaries were