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在自然经济为基础的中国古代农业社会，国家主流文化和通俗的民间文化既存在着相生相长的一面，也存在着相互矛盾甚至对抗的另一面。与国家主流文化相比，建立在人身依附基础上的社会等级中的被支配等级的通俗的民间文化无疑具有较多的活泼性、随意性和即兴性，而较少刻板和规矩。由于通俗的民间文化传达的是广大民众对生活真切的感受、理解和向往，一种真实的欢乐和痛苦、希望和忧虑，因而国家主流文化常常从通俗的民间文化中吸取养料，以便达到更新和变革的目的。
In ancient Chinese agrarian society based on natural economy, both the national mainstream culture and the popular folk culture have not only the aspect of being compatible with one another but also the other aspect of mutual contradiction and even confrontation. Compared with the mainstream culture in the country, the popular folk culture at the level of control based on personal attachment has undoubtedly more vividness, arbitrariness and improvisation, but less stereotypes and rules. Since the popular folk culture conveys the true feelings, understanding and yearning of the general public for a real joy and pain, hope and worry, the mainstream national culture often draws nourishment from popular folk culture in order to achieve renewal and The purpose of change.