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目的评估浦东新区社区营养教育对2型糖尿病的干预效果。方法 2005年4月—2006年4月分别选取金杨、浦兴两社区自愿参加的非住院2型糖尿病患者102例为干预组,99例为对照组。干预组除给予药物治疗外并采取膳食评价与指导、营养健康教育、营养咨询、食谱配制等干预措施,对照组为单纯药物治疗。干预前后对两组患者采用24 h膳食回顾法进行膳食调查及相关生化指标测定。结果干预后干预组膳食知识知晓率、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为[(79.41%)、(1.27±0.38)mmol/L]均高于对照组为[(52.53%)、(1.17±0.16)mmol/L],差别有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),糖化血红蛋白[(6.63±1.81)%]低于对照组为[(7.10±0.74)%],差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病患者在使用药物治疗的同时加强营养教育,注意饮食和营养,对改善2型糖尿病患者血糖控制效果较好。
Objective To evaluate the effects of community nutrition education in Pudong New Area on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods From April 2005 to April 2006, 102 non-inpatient type 2 diabetic patients who voluntarily participated in Jinyang and Puxing communities were selected as the intervention group and 99 as the control group. In addition to the intervention group to give the drug treatment and to take the diet evaluation and guidance, nutrition and health education, nutrition advice, preparation of recipes and other interventions, the control group as a simple drug treatment. Before and after the intervention, the 24-hour diet review method was used to investigate the diet and related biochemical indexes of the two groups. Results After intervention, the awareness rate of dietary knowledge, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ([(79.41%), (1.27 ± 0.38) mmol / L] in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (52.53%, 1.17 ± 0.16 mmol / L], the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01), HbA1c (6.63 ± 1.81)% was lower than that in the control group [(7.10 ± 0.74)%], the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with type 2 diabetes should improve their nutrition education while taking medication and pay attention to diet and nutrition to improve blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.