论文部分内容阅读
目的应用表面肌电描记术(SEMG)分析、评价不对称搬举的劳动负荷及有关因素。方法13名男性志愿者以2种速度、4种躯干旋转角度,分别搬举重6和13 kg的箱子,搬举箱子从地面至指节高度,共执行16项搬举任务。在搬举作业中测量T10和L3部位两侧竖脊肌的肌电信号。结果搬举13 kg重量时竖脊肌肌电平均幅度(43．30%MVE)明显比搬举6 kg重量时(37．70%MVE)高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01)。快速搬举时的肌电平均幅度(41．80%MVE)明显比慢速搬举(39．19%MVE)时高,差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0．05)。随躯干旋转角度的增加,竖脊肌肌电幅度呈升高的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。在T10部位右侧竖脊肌肌电幅度高于左侧(分别为50．31%MVE、25．88%MVE),而在L3部位则是左侧竖脊肌肌电幅度高于右侧(分别为45．60%MVE、40．22%MVE),差异均有统计学意义(P＜0．01)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,搬举重量对竖脊肌肌电平均幅度贡献最大,其次是搬举速度。结论不对称搬举作业的工效学危险因素主要是搬举重量和速度。在不对称搬举时,左右两侧的竖脊肌肌电活性不同。
Objective To evaluate the labor load and related factors of asymmetric lifting by surface electromyography (SEMG). Methods Thirteen male volunteers carried sixteen and 13 kg boxes at 2 speeds and 4 trunk rotation angles, respectively, and carried 16 boxes from the ground to the knuckle. Measure the EMG signals of the erector spinae on both sides of T10 and L3 in the move-out task. Results The mean amplitude of EMG (43.30% MVE) was significantly higher than that of 6 kg (37.70% MVE) when the weight of 13 kg was removed, with a significant difference (P <0.01) . The average EMG amplitude during fast lifting (41.80% MVE) was significantly higher than that during slow lifting (39.19% MVE), with significant difference (P <0.05). With the increase of trunk rotation angle, the EMG amplitude of the erector spine tended to increase, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). In the T10 part of the right erector spinae myoelectric amplitude is higher than the left (respectively 50.31% MVE, 25.88% MVE), while in the L3 site is the left erector spinae myoelectric amplitude is higher than the right Respectively 45.60% MVE, 40.22% MVE), the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that lifting the weight of the erector spinae muscle EMG amplitude contribution, followed by lifting move speed. Conclusions The ergonomic risk factors for asymmetric removal are mainly lifting weight and speed. In the asymmetric move, the left and right erector spinae EMG activity is different.