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目的掌握汕头市中心城区居民生活环境天然辐射外照射水平并估算居民暴露剂量。方法根据《环境地表γ辐射剂量率测定规范》(GB/T 14583-93)和《辐射环境监测技术规范》(HJ/T61-2001)的方法要求,采用AT1123X-γ辐射检测仪测量汕头市中心城区居民生活环境γ辐射水平,估算居民暴露剂量。结果居室内天然γ辐射水平范围为143~275 nGy/h,平均值为203.1 nGy/h,标准差为21.3 nGy/h;居室外天然γ辐射水平范围为90~252 nGy/h,平均值为163.4 nGy/h,标准差为26.3 nGy/h;室内外天然γ辐射所致人均年有效剂量当量约1 196.7μSv/a,集体年有效剂量当量约为2 028.4人·Sv/a。结论汕头市中心城区居室内天然γ辐射平均水平比广东省室内天然γ辐射平均水平(18.0×10-8Gy/h)略高,居室外天然γ辐射平均水平比广东省室外天然γ辐射平均水平(13.2×10-8Gy/h)偏高;汕头市中心城区天然γ辐射所致人均年有效剂量当量比广东省人均年有效剂量当量(970μSv/a)略高,但明显高于全国平均值(590μSv/a)和世界典型值(500μSv/a);汕头市中心城区居民生活环境天然辐射外照射水平仍属于正常放射性的天然本底水平。
Objective To understand the natural radiation exposure of residents in the downtown area of Shantou and to estimate the exposure dose. Methods According to the requirements of the “GB / T 14583-93” and the “Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring of Radiation Environment” (HJ / T61-2001), the AT1123X-γ radiation detector was used to measure the center of Shantou Urban residents living environment gamma radiation levels, estimates of residential exposure dose. Results The results showed that the indoor natural γ radiation ranged from 143 to 275 nGy / h with an average of 203.1 nGy / h and a standard deviation of 21.3 nGy / h. The natural γ radiation ranged from 90 to 252 nGy / h, with an average of 163.4 nGy / h, and the standard deviation was 26.3 nGy / h. The annual effective dose equivalent per capita of indoor and outdoor natural gamma radiation was about 1 196.7 μSv / a, and the collective annual effective dose equivalent was about 2 028.4 persons · Sv / a. Conclusion The average indoor natural γ radiation in Shantou downtown area is slightly higher than that of indoor natural gamma radiation in Guangdong Province (18.0 × 10-8 Gy / h), and the average outdoor natural γ radiation is higher than the outdoor natural γ radiation in Guangdong ( 13.2 × 10-8Gy / h). The annual effective dose equivalent per capita of Shantou downtown area was slightly higher than that of Guangdong Province (970μSv / a) but significantly higher than the national average of 590μSv / a) and the typical value of the world (500μSv / a). The natural radiation level outside the residential area of downtown Shantou still belongs to the natural background level of normal radioactivity.