更年期是人体生殖内分泌系统功能衰退、进入老年期前的转变时期。对于妇女来说,在到达一定年龄后,卵巢功能逐渐衰退,直至完全停止阶段,其特征是排卵及月经停止,失去生殖能力。这是女性生命中引起体格变化和新的心理生理平衡重新建立时期,是生殖生理功能衰退的标志。这个时期常被看作是女性老年期以前的一段过渡时期,是走向老年期衰老过程的一切心身和精神表现的起点,是开始预防老年疾病的时刻。对一个人来讲,这是个重要转折时期,对于掌握疾病的本质和研究疾病的发展变化等极为重要。就妇女疾病来讲,有的在绝经期后发病趋势增多,这显然与激素减少和组织老化萎缩所致的疾病有关;而有的在绝经期后,发病趋势减少,这与内分泌状态密切相关。 Menopause is the functional decline of the human reproductive and endocrine system, into the period before the transitional period. For women, after reaching a certain age, ovarian function gradually declines until the stage of complete cessation, which is characterized by ovulation and menstruation stop, loss of fertility. This is a period of female physical change caused by the change of life and the new psychological and physiological balance of the re-establishment of reproductive physiological function is a sign of decline. This period is often seen as a transitional period before the woman’s pre-senile period, a starting point for all physical and mental performance toward the aging process of senility, and a time to start preventing the diseases of old age. To one person, this is an important turning point. It is extremely important for grasping the essence of the disease and for studying the development and change of the disease. In terms of women’s diseases, some increase in the incidence after menopause, which is obviously associated with reduced hormones and tissue aging caused by shrinkage of the disease; while others in menopause, the incidence of reduced trend, which is closely related to the endocrine state.