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在逻辑上 ,中国当前最大的问题仍然是农民问题 ,农民的根本问题仍然是农村经济发展问题 ,现代农村 (无论是发达地区还是欠发达地区 )经济发展问题的关键环节是金融问题。本文通过对江西抚州农村信用合作社的调查研究 ,试图透过农村信用合作社分散性、多样性、复杂性的表象把握我国多年农村信用合作社改革飘摇不定、进退失据的内在非正式制度背景和技术约束 ,并提出以下观点 :第一、条块的利益争夺和责任推诿造就了农村信用合作社决策的非主体性特征和“最后责任人”角色 ;第二 ,合作金融与行政主导 (无论来自条还是块 )双主线的伴生与排异造成两线同时面临困境 ;第三 ,下一步改革的主导思路只能是 :必须在市场导向和行政主导间择其一 ,无论从第一线监管者角度出发 ,还是作为旁观性的研究人员 ,我们都倾向于选择前者。最后 ,与不合理制度安排相伴生的不合理技术安排同样是约束农村信用合作社发展的致命问题。
Logically, the biggest problem in China is still the peasant problem. The fundamental problem of peasants is still the issue of rural economic development. The key link in the economic development in modern rural areas (whether developed or underdeveloped areas) is the financial issue. Through the investigation and study of Fuzhou Rural Credit Cooperatives in Jiangxi Province, this paper attempts to grasp the background and technical constraints of the informal informal system of many years of reform of rural credit cooperatives in our country through the dispersion, diversity and complex appearance of Rural Credit Cooperatives, And put forward the following views: First, the fight for the interests of the parties and the promotion of responsibility have created the non-subjectivity and the role of “the ultimate owner” in the RCCs’ decision-making. Second, the cooperative finance and the executive-led (whether from the bar or the block) The accomplicement and exclusion of the two main lines caused the two lines to face the same difficulties at the same time. Third, the guiding principle for the next step of the reform can only be that one must be guided by the market and the executive, both from the perspective of the first-line regulator or As observers, we all tend to choose the former. Finally, unreasonable technical arrangements that accompany unreasonable institutional arrangements are also fatal issues restricting the development of rural credit cooperatives.