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维尔纳·桑巴特的《犹太人与现代资本主义》一书第一次比较系统地探讨了现代资本主义崛起过程中的犹太因素。一方面,该书阐释了犹太人在现代经济体制形成中发挥的作用;另一方面,它考察了犹太宗教伦理与犹太生活方式中独特的社会心理与道德因素,并揭示了其与资本主义精神的关联性。桑巴特强调,犹太人是“资本主义精神”最明显的人格化体现,某些犹太宗教理念催生了资本主义精神,这些观点的提出也引发了其他学者的质疑。围绕“桑巴特命题”的争论推动了学术界进一步探索犹太人与资本主义关系这一历史谜题,深化了对犹太经济社会史以及资本主义起源与动力问题的探讨与思考。
For the first time, Werner Sombart’s Jewish Versus Modern Capitalism explores systematically Jewish factors in the rise of modern capitalism. On the one hand, the book illustrates the Jews’ role in the formation of a modern economic system; on the other hand, it examines the unique social psychological and moral elements of Jewish religious and Jewish lifestyles and reveals its relationship with capitalist spirits Relevance. Sombart emphasized that the Jews are the most obvious personalization of “capitalist spirit.” Some Jewish religious concepts have spawned the spirit of capitalism. The formulation of these views has also aroused doubts from other scholars. The controversy surrounding “the sabatarian proposition” has propelled academics to further explore the historical mystery of the Jewish-capitalistic relationship and deepened discussions and reflections on the Jewish economic and social history as well as the origin and motivation of capitalism.