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于2006年4~5月对东海近海28°~30.7°N之间的赤潮高发区浮游细菌的分布、活性和群落结构特征进行了调查.采用荧光显微计数法测定细菌丰度,荧光模拟底物法测定细菌胞外酶活性,PCR-DGGE分析该区域的细菌群落结构特征.结果表明,东海赤潮高发区的浮游细菌丰度在5.85×104~9.26×105cells.mL-1之间,其中舟山外海区域较高,在整个调查区域北部海域高于南部海域.β-葡萄糖苷酶的平均活性为0.023μmol.(L.h)-1,氨肽酶的平均活性约为其3.6倍,在5μm以上颗粒中的胞外酶活性平均占总活性分别为47.4%和44.24%.细菌胞外酶活性的分布与细菌丰度的分布无相关性,在整个调查区域南部海域高于北部海域.细菌群落结构和多样性差异较大,南部海域的细菌多样性低于北部海域.人类活动和陆源输入是影响浮游细菌分布的决定性因素,台湾暖流对细菌胞外酶活性及其分布有着决定性的影响,复杂的环境条件是细菌群落结构和多样性差异的主要原因之一.海洋细菌在东海赤潮高发区的生态作用有待进一步研究.
The distribution, activity and community structure of planktonic bacteria in the high incidence area of red tide between 28 ° ~ 30.7 ° N in the offshore East China Sea were investigated from April to May in 2006. The abundances of bacteria were measured by fluorescence microscopy, The bacterial extracellular enzyme activity was determined by the physical method and the bacterial community structure characteristics were analyzed by PCR-DGGE.The results showed that the abundance of planktonic bacteria in the areas with high incidence of HABs in the East China Sea ranged from 5.85 × 104 to 9.26 × 105cells.mL-1, The sea area was higher in the northern part of the survey area than in the southern part.The average activity of β-glucosidase was 0.023μmol. (Lh) -1, and the average activity of aminopeptidase was about 3.6 times. In which the extracellular enzyme activity accounted for 47.4% and 44.24% of the total activity, respectively.The distribution of extracellular enzyme activity was not correlated with the distribution of bacterial abundance, and was higher in the southern part of the survey than in the northern part of the survey area.The bacterial community structure and Diversity is quite different, bacterial diversity in the southern sea area is lower than that in the northern sea area.Human activity and terrestrial input are the decisive factors affecting the distribution of planktonic bacteria, Taiwan’s warm current has a decisive influence on the extracellular enzyme activity and distribution of bacteria, complex Environmental conditions are one of the main reasons for the differences in bacterial community structure and diversity.The ecological role of marine bacteria in the high incidence area of red tide in the East China Sea needs further study.