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反拨效应,也就是所谓的反拨作用,是语言测试的六个质量标准之一。它指的是测试对语言学习和教学影响,其中,反拨作用可以正面的也可以是负面的反拨作用是语言测试中的一个新领域。上世纪80年代以来,为了研究这一现象,进行了大量的理论和实证研究。通过这些研究,人们更多地了解了反拨作用,并且这些研究也有助于语言测试改革和创新。大学英语四级测试是一种重要的外语测试,它建立于1987,并且到目前为止,大学英语四级测试也将近持续了20年。近年来,我国学者也进行了许多有关大学英语四级测试的相关研究。通过访谈,课堂观察和调查问卷三种研究方法,本文研究分析了大学英语四级考试历年来的改革对大学英语教学和学习的反拨作用。研究发现大学英语四级考试改革对大学英语教学与学习在一定程度上产生了正反拨作用和负反拨作用。其中正反拨大于负反拨。为了更好地发挥正向反拨作用,大学英语四级考试改革需要考虑多种因素。
The backwash effect, also known as backdraft, is one of the six quality standards for language testing. It refers to the impact of testing on language learning and teaching. Among them, the role of backwash can be positive or negative. Backwash is a new field in language testing. Since the 1980s, in order to study this phenomenon, a great deal of theoretical and empirical research has been carried out. Through these studies, people are more aware of the role of backwash, and these studies also contribute to language testing reform and innovation. CET-4 is an important foreign language test, which was established in 1987 and to date CET-4 has been around for almost 20 years. In recent years, many Chinese scholars also conducted relevant research on CET-4. Through interviews, classroom observation and questionnaire three research methods, this paper analyzes the CET4 reform over the years the reform of college English teaching and learning of the anti-dial function. The study found that the reform of CET-4 has had some positive and negative effects on college English teaching and learning. Which is greater than the negative dial backstroke. In order to give full play to the role of positive backwash, CET reform needs to consider a variety of factors.